VOL. 5 NO. 1 OCTOBER, 2010 STEEL TECH 11 from an industrial coalbased sponge iron rotary kiln process. We have developed a fairly comprehensive mathematical model for the direct reduction of iron ore
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Fig 3 Process flow diagram for coal based sponge iron The hot reduced sponge iron along with semiburnt coal, discharged from kiln is cooled in watercooled cylindrical rotary cooler to a temperature of 100200°C. The discharge from cooler consisting of sponge iron, char other contaminations are passed on through
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Sponge iron is produced primarily both by using noncoking coal and natural gas as reductant and therefore classified as coalbased and gasbased process, respectively. High purity sponge iron powder is currently manufactured from high purity iron ore following the basic steps of magnetic separation and milling, primary reduction process ...
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Sponge Iron Making Process(Coal Based) KruppRenn Process : The KruppRenn process was developed in 1930. In this process high silica ore and lime stone is treated. In this process a mixture of ore and reducing agent like coke breeze or bituminous coal fines are fed into rotary kiln continuously. The ...
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During the last four decades, a new route of ironmaking has rapidly developed for direct reduction (DR) of iron ore to metallic iron by using noncoking coal/natural gas. This product is known as ...
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Coal based sponge iron plant: a conventional process. The process flow diagram of conventional coalbased sponge iron plant is shown in Fig. 1. The operating data shown in Fig. 1 is taken from a typical Indian sponge iron plant. In the conventional process kiln feed, which consists of iron ore, feed coal, and dolomite, is fed to the rotary kiln.
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Process. Direct reduction processes can be divided roughly into two categories: gasbased, and coalbased. In both cases, the objective of the process is to remove the oxygen contained in various forms of iron ore (sized ore, concentrates, pellets, mill scale, furnace dust, etc.), in order to convert the ore to metallic iron, without melting it (below 1,200 °C (2,190 °F)).
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In coalbased DRI process, accretion formation inside the rotary kiln is a genuine complex problem. Accretion formation in a rotary kiln of 100 tpd DRI plant has been investigated. ... Metallic iron Fe (m) in sponge iron varied between 84 and 62%. Approximately 300 ton of accretion was generated for a running of 25 days. Table 1 Iron ore ...
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Coal Based Sponge Iron / DRI. ... For producing the sponge iron through this process requires high grade of iron ore and non coking coal. Gas Based DRI / HBI. In this process route, iron oxides are converted to the DRI / HBI by using natural gas in a vertical shaft furnace. For steel producers, it is a preferred metallic, energy efficient and ...
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Market share: About 23% of sponge iron total production. 4) Tunnel furnace process . This process is the oldest direct reduction method. In this method, Thermal coal is mixed with iron ore as a reducing agent. Natural gas generates the required reduction temperature, and reduction is performed on Silicon Carbide (SiC) Crucibles in a tunnel furnace.
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After the reduction process, a mixture of sponge iron and char is discharged from the kiln into the cooler where cooling takes. Water is sprayed at the cooler shell to indirectly cool the material from about 1000 ℃ to 120 ℃. ... Kaltenthaler, E.: Healthrelated qualityoflife of coalbased sponge iron plant workers in Barjora, India: a ...
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Simulation of rotary kiln for sponge iron process is based on combustion of coal particles and reduction of iron ore. The heat transfer inside the kiln is done through radiation. The model equations used for computation of desired parameters, such as temperature profile and % metallization, are tabulated in Table 3.
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A survey is made on a typical coal based Indian sponge iron plant of capacity 500 t/d in order to identify the largest energy losses and find ways to increase the efficiency.
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The efficiency of the coal based sponge iron process is defined as the energy needed for the reduction reactions compared to the energy added to the system. Due to chemical reactions and combustion the heat generated inside the kiln is Gcal/h and the heat value of coal input is Gcal/h resulting in a thermal efficiency of the process ...
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Direct Reduced Iron (DRI): This iron production process directly reduces iron ore in solidstate with the reaction temperature below the melting point of iron. Reducing gases are produced from natural gas (gasbased DRI) or coal (coalbased DRI) called syngas, a mixture of H2 and CO.
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Apart from these research publications, an article entitled "PROCESS INTEGRATION OF COAL BASED SPONGE IRON PLANT" has been published in DRI UPDATE Magazine, November 2020, Sponge Iron Manufacturing Association (SIMA), New Delhi. It is circulated to all sponge iron fraternity of the world through SIMA.
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This is a coalbased reduction technology, applicable to both steel mill waste and iron ore fines, with coal as a Creductant agent. The reduced iron can be fed to a BF or directly into a melting process. If exposed to air for a long time, the metallic iron reoxidizes into iron oxide, deteriorating its quality.
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However, for coalbased DR the reductant is generated from noncoking coal and rotary kilns, rotary hearth furnaces and multihearth furnaces are used (Ghosh and Chatterjee, 2017). It has been estimated that approximately 6575% of sponge iron production cost is attributed to the cost of raw materials (Indian Bureau of Mines, 2011).
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The actual process of the coal based sponge iron production is based on SL/RN process (jointly developed by the Steel ... In conventional coal based sponge iron plant, Fig. 1, kiln feed (Stream no ...
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sponge iron sector, which is dominated by smallsized coalbased direct reduction of iron (DRI)based plants. India is one of the unique countries in the world where coalbased DRI route contributes to nearly 20% of the total steel capacity in the country. The prominence of DRI route in the country is
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India is the world's largest producer of sponge iron, accounting for 13 per cent of the global production 8. Sponge iron is produced using either coal or natural gas. Since coal is available in India, the sector largely depends on coal based sponge iron which contributes about 80 per cent of the total capacity in the country9.
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